THE UNCONSCIOUS IN PHILOSOPHY: A REVIEW OF ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER CONCEPT OF NON-CONSCIOUS PROCESSES AND ITS RELATION WITH FREUDIAN UNCONSCIOUS

Abstract

Although philosophical interest on unconscious processes can be traced since Plato it was only with the advent of psychopathology and, later, Freudian psychoanalysis, that the unconscious has been studied so ostensible. This is, however, only part of evolution on ideas about the unconscious. Several of the philosophers before Freud, discussed the concept of non-conscious processes. However, among those authors what stood out for its approach to the psychoanalytic theory was the philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. Schopenhauer‘s philosophy can be considered primary reference in the study of relationship between psychoanalysis and philosophy. The core purpose of this work is precisely to review the main concepts of the work of Schopenhauer that refer in one way or another, the concept of Freudian psychoanalytic unconscious. Many authors have demonstrated the importance of tracking the grounds of philosophical concepts of psychology and to establish links between science and other areas of knowledge, which strengthens the understanding of the concepts studied, located them in the history of human thought and displays relevant points of discussion. The discussion on the subject can even raise important issues for future research and indicate ways to address gaps in psychoanalytic literature on the unconscious. For both, were met the following objectives: to discuss the history and theoretical foundations of the concept psychoanalytic unconscious of the philosophy of Schopenhauer; verify the possible influence of Schopenhauer’s philosophical contributions in the establishment of psychoanalytic theory on the unconscious; investigate the possible relationship between Schopenhauer philosophical concepts and vision of man and treatment proposed by Freudian psychoanalysis, from the notion of unconscious.