CONGENITAL ANOMALIES IN BRAZIL (2010–2023): EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33947/saude.v19i2.5355Keywords:
Congenital Abnormalities, Descriptive Epidemiology, Live Births, Health Information Systems, Risk FactorsAbstract
Introduction: Congenital anomalies represent a major public health challenge and are associated with infant morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of national data, few studies have systematized their temporal trends and profiles in Brazil. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile, temporal trend, and factors associated with congenital anomalies among live births in Brazil from 2010 to 2023. Method: Descriptive and retrospective epidemiological study based on data from the Information System on Live Births (SINASC). Prevalence rates per 10,000 live births were calculated, stratified by body system (ICD-10) and by maternal, gestational, and neonatal variables. Results: The mean prevalence was 84.5 cases per 10,000 live births, with an increasing trend over the period. Musculoskeletal anomalies were the most frequent, followed by those of the nervous system. The highest occurrence was observed among males and in mothers aged 20–29 years, with 8–11 years of education and singleton pregnancies. Conclusion: There was a rising trend in congenital anomaly prevalence in Brazil, suggesting improved surveillance and reporting. The identified profile underscores the need for public policies focused on prevention and clinical follow-up of these conditions.
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